河童ときゅうり

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Click to enlarge.

タイトル:

河童ときゅうり (kappa to kyūri)
kappa and cucumber

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河童ときゅうりがテーマの独楽。河童は日本の伝統的な民間伝承に出てくる妖怪(日本の化け物、非科学的な存在)である。河童は人間のような姿をしており、大きさは子どもと同じ程度、しかし時に鳥や亀のような姿をしていることもある。川や池に住んでいると言われ、そこでいたずらをしたり、時には人や動物をさらったり溺れさせたりもする。頭に水の入った器や皿をのせている姿で描かれるが、河童が水中から外の世界に出ることができるのはこの皿や器があるからである。今日でさえ、河童についての注意書きが川の近くに立てられていることがある。伝説によると、河童はきゅうりが大好物なため、友好関係を築くために河童にきゅうりを与えることもある。安全祈願の儀式としてきゅうりに自分の名前を書いて河童が出てくる水辺に投げ入れる、また泳ぎに行く際にきゅうりを食べておくということもある。河童は友好的、頼る存在として考えられることもある。かんがいや魚釣りなど水に関係することに関して人間の手助けをする。この独楽は、頭にきゅうりをのせている、頭の上に物をのせている河童の姿を表現した廣井先生の遊び心あふれる作品である。

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[ビデオ・解説なし]

ハトの押棒 (dove push stick toy)

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Click to enlarge.

Title:

ハトの押棒 (hato no oshibō)
dove push stick toy

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This work is a children’s toy. It depicts two doves on the end of a stick meant to be pushed and rolled.

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[no video/transcript]

とらの転がし (tiger rolling toy)

053Title:

とらの転がし (tora no korogashi)
tiger rolling toy

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This piece is a children’s toy in the shape of a tiger. It is meant to be rolled around on the floor. Hiroi-sensei designed and created it during the zodiac year of the tiger.

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Hiroi Michiaki: And this is a tiger rolling toy.

Mrs. Hiroi: Yeah.

Hiroi: This is a tiger, and I definitely made this the year of the tiger.

Mrs. Hiroi: Yeah, you made it [then].

Janell Landis: I was [born in] the year of the tiger.

Mrs. Hiroi: You’re the year of the tiger? Ahhh.

Hiroi: Yeah. Heh heh heh. And you roll it like this, and it rolls this way. The tiger moves like this.

 

とらの転がし

053

タイトル:

とらの転がし (tora no korogashi)
tiger rolling toy

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とらの形をした子どもの玩具である。床の上で引っ張って遊ぶおもちゃである。廣井先生は寅年にこの独楽を作った。

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廣井道顕:で、あ、これは虎の転がしだね。

廣井夫人:うん。

廣井:これ虎で、これねやっぱり寅年のとき作ったのね。

廣井夫人:うん、作ったの。

ジャネル・ランディス:私は寅年。

廣井夫人:寅年?あぁ・・・

廣井:ね。へへへ。でこう転がすっつって、こう転がすんですよ。虎がこう、こういう感じで、動くのね。

 

平伏 (prostration)

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Title:

平伏 (heifuku)
prostration

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This top depicts a popular doll figure in Japanese and Chinese culture, Fukusuke. Fukusuke figures in Japan go back to around the nineteenth century (Edo period), where they were often enshrined at brothels and tea houses as bringers of good luck. Their use has since widened. Fukusuke figures are typically shown to be sitting in traditional seiza position while prostrating themselves. Hiroi-sensei has made this figure so that the head and katana disconnect from the torso to form two tops.

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Hiroi Michiaki: And this is “prostration.” This is Fukusuke [a bringer of good luck]. Fukusuke goes like this and is prostrating himself. And he takes this, this is a katana. You take the head, the head becomes a top, and you take the torso like this–

Mrs Hiroi: Yeah. You put all of it together.

Hiroi: It becomes two tops and you spin them.

平伏

Click to enlarge.
Click to enlarge.

タイトル:

平伏 (heifuku)
prostration

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日本・中国文化において人気のある人形、福助を表現した独楽である。日本での福助の歴史は十九世紀(江戸時代)頃にさかのぼる。当時は遊女屋や茶屋で幸運をもたらすシンボルとしてよく祭られていた。以来広く使われるようになる。典型的な福助は平伏しているときに正座をしている。廣井先生は福助の頭と刀を胴体から取り外し可能にすることで二つの独楽になるように作った。

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廣井道顕:でええと、こいつは平伏か。これふくふく福助。福助がへへえと、こうやって、平伏しているところなんだね。でこれ取っ、これ刀ね。これ頭取って、頭も独楽になるし、この胴体もこうやって取る

廣井夫人:そう。全部さしてる。

廣井:独楽が二個になって回る。

 

火鉢セット (hibachi set)

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Click to enlarge.

Title:

火鉢セット (hibachi setto)
hibachi set

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For this piece, Hiroi-sensei has created wooden parts of a miniature hibachi set. Hibachi are heating devices used for cooking. They come in either cylindrical or square shapes and typically use charcoal as their source of heating. Hiroi-sensei has included a kettle, small dishes, and a container with real charcoal inside.

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Hiroi Michiaki: And this, this is a hibachi set. In the set there’s a kettle. And I think there’s charcoal in here. Charcoal.

Mrs. Hiroi: Yeah. There’s charcoal in it.

Hiroi: And here there’s a tea cup. What is this? I think it’s a pitcher.

Mrs. Hiroi: Yeah.

Hiroi: If there’s no more water, you put it in from here. And in the old days, green tea was like a luxury, and you would usually only drink hot water. You would only drink green tea on special occasions.

 

 

火鉢セット

Click to enlarge.
Click to enlarge.

タイトル:

火鉢セット (hibachi setto)
hibachi set

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この作品では、廣井先生が木製でミニチュアの火鉢セットを制作した。火鉢は調理のためにも使われた暖房器具である。円柱や四角い形をしており、通常は加熱するために炭を使用する。廣井先生は薬缶、小皿、本物の炭を中に入れた炭入れをこの火鉢セットで作った。

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廣井道顕:で、これは、これは火鉢セットでね。あの火鉢で、こう薬缶が入っていて。で、ここに炭が入ってるのか。炭。

廣井夫人:うん。炭入るのね。

廣井:で、ここに湯呑があって。これ何だ、水差しかな。

廣井夫人:うん。

廣井:これ水がなくなったら、こっからスッと入れたりして。で昔はあの、お茶はうんと贅沢みたいで、お湯飲んでたんだそうですね。普通にはね。お茶は特別の時しか飲めなかった、みたい。

 

 

Jan, the Feminist

In this post, Jan discusses how she developed as a feminist, her desire to share her point of view with her students, and her unique position as an unmarried American woman in Japan.

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Malina Suity: [1:00:42]: When you were working as a teacher at Miyagi, what were your–did you have any particular duties other than just teaching classes? What were your classes like?

Janell Landis: Um, well. The classes were, as I said, were sometimes with junior high school girls. And that was about fifty kids in one room and reviewing the English studies that they had with their Japanese teachers. They had me twice a week and the other teachers every day. And so it was back up for the Japanese teachers, and then that was true in senior high too. In college, I was given an opportunity with the juniors and seniors to have these elective courses. And then I attempted to really concentrate on some of the issues that women would face. And that’s when my feminist years developed. And I saw some of the girls develop too. And one of them ended up being, working on the wonderful program north of Tokyo that was involved with educating workers from other Asian countries and for commuting to work and so on. [1:02:09]

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Malina [1:09:50] You mentioned your development as a feminist and working with women’s issues. Can you describe your experience as a woman in postwar Japan?

Janell: Yes. Uh, it was, my own conversion was when I was going with a group of people from New Jersey to what they called the God Box. To a Riverside area where the national church of these mainline denominations was located. And I went into a drug store while we were waiting for the car and I bought the first magazine of Ms. and that changed my life. And I didn’t see…what was your question again?

Malina: Um

Janell: I’m ready to get off of it.

Malina: It’s uh, being a woman in Japan.

Janell [1:10:58]: Oh, a woman in Japan. Well, because of that conversion in the States when I went back. I had the privilege in some of these elective classes to show what women were doing in other countries or so on. So, I myself branched out. But I had a reaction of one of my female Japanese teachers, she thought I was degrading the men. And uh, like I was anti-man. And that really hurt me in a way. I didn’t ever feel like I would, that I would, ever degrade my fellow men that were working on the faculty. I was cautioned then, to be careful not to be too demanding.

But um, like I said, being a single woman. I was my own self and I think I got a little bit different treatment than a wife would. And she would have opportunities that I didn’t have. But I never begrudged the difference. Each of us is given a walk and we have to walk our walk, own walk. We can’t imitate somebody else’s trot, but uh. I never felt…well let’s see I can’t say never. There were times when being a woman in postwar Japan might have been more difficult. But, being an American woman, being a single woman. [laughs] I had some freedoms that my Japanese women didn’t have. I was always–In the first years when things weren’t as progressive, I never got invited to the weddings. But after how many years there, it was like, if they had the American teacher there that was a real special thing. I got took to so many weddings and their parties. But, it was rarely that we were in the weddings. Many of them were held in a Shinto temple, but we were having the wedding parties in these big hotels or these big wedding parlors. And they’d spend a fortune and give everyone a present and so on. But I, in the latter years, I was one of the people they called. [1:14:02]

For more information on Ms. Magazine and the impact it had on women like Jan, read this oral history from New York Magazine.

Photograph of Janell and English Department staff at Miyagi Gakuin via Janell Landis.