This top depicts a tengu nest. Tengu are creatures from Japanese folklore that are considered a kind of kami (god/spirit) or yōkai (supernatural being). Although they are thought to take the form of birds, they are frequently depicted with both bird-like and human characteristics. Beginning around the fourteenth century, tengu began being depicted with a distinctive long nose. Tengu masks are often represented with bright red faces and extended, phallic noses. Tengu, sometimes appearing with yamabushi garb or Buddhist monks’ staffs, have had varying associations in legend with Shintō, mountain asceticism (shūgendō), and Buddhist customs. They are often depicted holding a magical fan made of feathers called a ha-uchiwa (羽団扇 “feather fan”).
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Hiroi Michiaki: Next… Ah. This is the tengu’s nest. I don’t think the tengu actually builds a nest, though, you know.
Mrs. Hiroi: All of these are tengu hatching out of the nest.
Hiroi: The tengu’s egg, there’s also an egg you see. Tengu, in legend—
Mrs. Hiroi: The nose. The nose gets long like this.
Hiroi: What would you call a tengu? A yōkai? They live in the mountains, though it’s not that they do anything particularly bad. They hold a fan like this and… sort of frighten people and such. And they, um, they’re born from eggs. And this is a tengu’s egg and here they’ve built a nest. So those are the tengu’s eggs. If you spin this, if you spin this to the side, it stands straight up. It doesn’t flip upside down, but if you spin it to the side, it straightens out. Although it’s an egg, it’s like the egg has a nose. If you spin that this stands on its side.
お化けのトビ出し (obake no tobidashi) obake (monster/spirit) springing out
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This top depicts an obake お化け springing out of its skin. In Japanese folklore, obake (or sometimes bakemono 化け物) are types of preternatural creatures similar to monsters or spirits that can take many forms. Their main characteristic is an ability to transform. They sometimes disguise themselves as humans (though their true form may be an animal such as a fox or cat) or can be normal household objects that transform themselves into demonic creatures (see tsukumogami). They are distinct from the spirits of the dead, although sometimes ghost-like apparitions can be called obake or bakemono.
Below, you’ll find a video of Hiroi-sensei explaining the top, along with transcripts of his explanation.
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Hiroi Michiaki: What is this? Ah. An obake.
Mrs. Hiroi: Mm.
Janell Landis: (laughs)
Hiroi: This is an obake… leaping out and spinning.
MH: That thread, you wind it around and pull it and the obake pops out.
HM: When that happens, this spins and [the obake] leaps out. And this and that part inside also split into two.
MH: Yeah.
Paula Curtis: Ohhh.
HM: This is the obake and this is the obake’s husk. So… oh, but does it become three? One, two, three. It becomes three. And the lid, that makes it four. It turns round and round.
唐子の蝶々遊び (karako no chōchō asobi) karako (Chinese child) playing with butterflies
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This top depicts a karako (Chinese child, or a child dressed in a Chinese fashion) dancing with butterflies. In Japan, these figures are said to be messengers for the God of Luck, sent to do his bidding. They are thought to be good omens.
kochō no mai 胡蝶楽〈舞楽図譜 宮内庁書陵部蔵〉
The image of a Chinese child with butterflies also extends to ancient Japan, when there was a tradition of kochō no mai 胡蝶の舞 (butterfly dance) inherited from China. As a part of gagaku 雅楽 court music performance, four young boys would dress as butterflies, attaching yellow wings to their outfits, and perform dances for the imperial court.
Below, you’ll find a video of Hiroi-sensei explaining the top, along with transcripts of his explanation.
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Hiroi Michiaki: This is, um, “A karako (Chinese child) playing with butterflies.” A karako is… [literally] a Chinese child [a child dressed in a Chinese fashion], but in Japan they’re said to be the messengers of the God of Luck. The God of Luck orders them to go do something, “Go here, go there.” And when he requests many things, it is said that this karako goes about taking care of it. They’re good omens. This, if you spin it, the butterflies look like they’re fluttering and fluttering, flying about.
Paula Curtis: Um, in ancient times there was also a “butterfly dance,” right?
HM: Mm. Ahhhh [yes].
PC: From China.
HM: Yes, there is. They move around with the same feeling as that.
Janell Landis: Looks like butterflies flying.
HM: Yeah.
JL: Uh huh.
HM: If you spin it here a little, [it looks that way] because [the butterflies] clatter about.
JL: Right.
HM: The butterflies look like they’re fluttering flying about. This is the “Chinese child (karako) playing with butterflies”…
This top depicts a sparrow’s nest. According to Hiroi-sensei, sparrows are said to make their homes in bamboo groves. Here we see a stalk of bamboo and a gourd. The sparrow has opened a hole in the gourd to make a nest and pokes his head out from inside.
Below, you’ll find a video of Hiroi-sensei explaining the top, along with transcripts of his explanation.
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Hiroi Michiaki: And… This is, ahh—the dwelling of the sparrow. Umm, I’m not sure why, but umm, in bamboo groves there are many sparrow nests, um, this gourd, when it hangs down like this, they open a hole in it, and then the sparrow sets up a nest in there. I don’t know how it is in reality, though. (laughs) And that’s the sparrow’s dwelling.
Mrs. Hiroi: From that hole there, [the sparrow’s] mouth pops out, going pi pi pi.
提灯鳴り独楽 (chōchin nari goma)
paper lantern howling top
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This top is in the shape of a paper lantern. It is a special type of top called nari goma 鳴り独楽, or a “howling top.”
The hole in the side allows air inside, so when it is spun it makes a whistling noise. Click here to see a video of a nari goma being spun.
Below, you’ll find a video of Hiroi-sensei explaining the top, along with transcripts of his explanation.
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Hiroi Michiaki: This is narigoma (howling top), and it’s one where if you spin it, a sound like boouuu comes out. This is one type of howling top– there are many, but this is one, and this is a paper lantern narigoma. It’s a narigoma in the shape of a paper lantern.